Large-scale routing and addressing with low overhead.Internet Protocol security (IPSec) is an IPv6 support requirement.Ī new protocol suite must satisfy the following basic requirements: IPv4 does not require support for any mechanism that provides authentication or encryption of the exchanged data. Lack of built-in authentication and confidentiality. Instead, they would be able to configure themselves based on the network segment in which they are located. In an ideal situation, hosts would not have to rely on the administration of a DHCP infrastructure. With IPv4, addresses must be assigned statically or using a configuration protocol such as DHCP. This crucial design flaw creates the need for large routing tables to deliver IPv4 packets to any location on the Internet. It is impossible to structure the IP addresses in a way that truly maps the network topology. The main problems created by this mechanism are processing overhead and lack of end-to-end connectivity.īecause of its inherent predefined class organization, IPv4 lacks true hierarchical support. This has led to the use of Network Address Translators (NATs) that map multiple private addresses to a single public IP address. The following are the main issues of the current IPv4 protocol: IPv6 expands the capabilities of the Internet to enable new kinds of applications, including peer-to-peer and mobile applications. IPv6 is designed to solve many of the problems of the current version of the Internet Protocol suite (known as IPv4) about address depletion, security, auto-configuration, extensibility, and so on. In Geography-based Unicast address routing will be based on location.The Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a suite of standard protocols for the network layer of the Internet. Global routing prefix: Global routing prefix contains all the details of Latitude and Longitude. Intra Subscriber: This part can be modified as per the need of the organization that is using the service. Subscriber Id: After Provider Id is fixed, the remaining part can be used by ISP as a normal IP address. Let’s say if Provider Id = 10 bits then Subscriber Id will be 56 – 10 = 46 bits. Provider Id: Depending on the number of service providers that operate under a region, certain bits will be allocated to the Provider Id field. 2^5), only 4 registry IDs are being used. Registry Id (5-bits): Registry Id identifies the region to which it belongs. The First 3 bits identify it as of this type. Note: In IPv6, all 0’s and all 1’s can be assigned to any host, there is not any restriction like IPv4. We have 128 bits in IPv6 address but by looking at the first few bits we can identify what type of address it is. Any packet sent to an anycast address will be delivered to only one member interface (mostly nearest host possible). If any packet is sent to this multicast address, it will be distributed to all interfaces corresponding to that multicast address. And every node is configured in the same way. In simple words, one data packet is sent to multiple destinations simultaneously.Īnycast Address is assigned to a group of interfaces. These hosts need not be geographically together. Multicast Address is used by multiple hosts, called as groups, acquires a multicast destination address. A packet sent to a unicast address is delivered to the interface identified by that address. Unicast Address identifies a single network interface. In IPv6 representation, we have three addressing methods : The encryption and authentication options in IPv6 provide confidentiality and integrity of the packet. this mechanism can be used to support traffic such as real-time audio and video. In IPv6,the type of service field has been removed, but two new fields, traffic class and flow label have been added to enables the source to request special handling of the packet.
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